Masaccio's fresco stands in place of the altar in the third bay of the north aisle, creating an illusion of a chapel. It was commissioned by the Lenzi family, who flank the scene, strikingly painted the same size as the figures of the Virgin and St John.

When the church was restored by Vasari the fresco was covered by a new altar. In 1952, the lower part representing Death, with the inscription io fui gia quel che voi siete; e quel ch'io sono voi ancor sarete was uncovered.

Restoration of the fresco has just been completed.

The fresco was discovered in 1860 behind the altar panel. It is now over the main door on the inner facade.